Canaan is a second-class township in Wayne County, Pennsylvania, United States.

21.4% of all households were made up of individuals, and 8.3% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older.

The sharp increase in population (204%) in part can be attributed to the federal prison in Canaan Township, which was opened in March 2005.

Another cause for spike in population in the township can be attributed to the State Correctional Institution – Waymart, which has a capacity of housing 1,470 inmates.

The Federal Bureau of Prisons United States Penitentiary, Canaan and the Pennsylvania Department of Corrections State Correctional Institution Waymart are in the township.