Caney is a city in Montgomery County, Kansas, United States.

[6] In 1887, the Missouri Pacific railroad was built through Caney, and in that same year, the town was incorporated.

[7] By 1905 the Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway had also built through Caney.

Today only the former ATSF tracks remain, currently operated by the South Kansas and Oklahoma Railroad.

[8] Currently, CVR Energy's pipeline system can transport up to 145,000 barrels/day of crude oil from Caney to that company's refinery in Coffeyville, Kansas.

[9] Caney Kansas: "A March attempt to cover the huge burning gas well six miles from here with a great iron hood upon which a week of preparation had been spent was made last night and failed.

The hood with its attached pipes and weights weighing more than 35 tons was thrust aside, bent and broken by the mighty rush of gas and flames.

The cap was placed partly over the stream of fire only after strenuous efforts and at great hardship to the men, the intensity from the heat slowing the effort; the gas spouted from the well with renewed force expelling rocks and shooting a flame over 150 feet into the air.

Several thousand spectators drawn by the unusual spectacle came to Caney from all directions, the railways running in excursion trains.

"According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 1.35 square miles (3.50 km2), all of it land.

[11] The climate in this area is characterized by hot, humid summers and generally mild to cool winters.

[12] The 2020 United States census counted 1,788 people, 761 households, and 452 families in Caney.

Mayfest is a yearly gathering to celebrate School Alumni and the town's festivities along with the Fourth & Live Concert Series[26] The community is served by Caney Valley USD 436 public school district.