Pelagio Galvani[1] (c. 1165 – 30 January 1230,[2] Portuguese: Paio Galvão Latin: Pelagius) was a Leonese[3] cardinal, and canon lawyer.

[5] Pope Innocent III created him cardinal-deacon of Santa Lucia in Septisolio around 1206.

[6] Later, he was promoted to the rank of cardinal-priest of S. Cecilia (probably on 2 April 1211[7]), and finally opted for the suburbicarian see of Albano in the spring of 1213.

[8] During this two-year mission he attempted to close Orthodox churches and imprison the clergy, but this caused such domestic upset that Henry of Flanders, the Latin Emperor of Constantinople, reversed his actions which had caused the "tempest which held the city of Constantine in its grip", as noted a contemporary historian.

[10] He was one of the leaders of the papal army in 1229–1230 during the War of the Keys against the Emperor Frederick II.