He was born and raised in Estonia, but following the death of his parents in the winter 1788–1789, he and his 10 siblings had to leave to try to reach relatives in Finland.
Carl Ludvig Lithander however settled in Sweden, where he became an officer specialised in fortifications in 1795, and worked as a teacher at the Military Academy Karlberg until 1812.
He spent four years in London, and probably also time in Berlin, the Netherlands and Denmark, before settling in Greifswald in 1824, where he found employment as organist in the city's main church, St. Nikolai.
[2][1] From 1804 he was employed as a teacher of mathematics at the Military Academy Karlberg, where he also was granted living quarters, and from 1809 as a lecturer in geometry and trigonometry.
In 1824 he found employment as the organist of St. Nikolai, the main church of Greifswald in Pomerania on the southern Baltic Sea coast.
Carl Ludvig Lithander's brother Fredrik Emmanuel was also a professional musician, working as a private music teacher and composer in Saint Petersburg.
[1] Lithander composed works mainly intended to be played at home and in salons, and within this genre he was well up to date with the stylistic developments of his time.