Wrist

The capsule of the joint is lax and extends from the inferior sacciform recess to the ulnar shaft.

[6] The parts forming the radiocarpal joint are the lower end of the radius and under surface of the articular disk above; and the scaphoid, lunate, and triquetral bones below.

[9] The radiocarpal, intercarpal, midcarpal, carpometacarpal, and intermetacarpal joints often intercommunicate through a common synovial cavity.

[11]The extrinsic hand muscles are located in the forearm where their bellies form the proximal fleshy roundness.

[17] Wrist pain has a number of causes, including carpal tunnel syndrome,[16] ganglion cyst,[19] tendinitis,[20] and osteoarthritis.

It is more common in non-Hispanic women and is associated with factors such as alcohol consumption, smoking, high serum phosphate levels, osteoporosis, and obesity.

[21] The English word "wrist" is etymologically derived from the Proto-Germanic word wristiz from which are derived modern German Rist ("instep", "wrist") and modern Swedish vrist ("instep", "ankle").

Micro-radiography of 8-weeks human embryo hand
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of radial abduction (rightwards in image) and ulnar adduction (leftwards in image)
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of wrist extension and return to neutral position
Projectional radiograph of a normal wrist (left image) and one with a dorsal tilt due to wrist osteoarthritis (as well as osteoporosis ). The angle of the distal surface of the lunate bone is annotated. A dorsal tilt of 10 to 15 degrees is considered normal. [ 18 ]