Carrier's constraint

[citation needed] Around the Late Triassic period, animals with Carrier's constraint were preyed on by bipedal species that evolved a more efficient stride.

Monitor lizards increase their stamina by using bones and muscles in the throat and floor of the mouth to "gulp" air via gular pumping.

Bipedality in modern lizards is rare, but it is an effective way to run without pausing to breathe, and is advantageous for catching active prey or evading predators.

[citation needed] Contrary to the above model, breathing is maintained in lizards during movement, even above their aerobic scope, and arterial blood remains well oxygenated.

[7] Paleontologist Richard Cowen wrote a limerick to explain and celebrate Carrier's rule:[3] The reptilian idea of fun Is to bask all day in the sun.