Cartonnage

Cartonnage or cartonage is a type of material used in ancient Egyptian funerary masks from the First Intermediate Period to the Roman era.

[2] In a technique similar to papier-mâché, scraps of linen or papyrus were stuck together with plaster or resin and used to make mummy cases and masks.

During the Ptolemaic era, the single shell method was altered to include four to six pieces of cartonnage.

[5] Reusing papyrus that was considered waste was a common practice during the Ptolemaic period.

[5] In 1993, the city of Helsinki received fourteen fragments of cartonnages from the Egyptian Museum of Berlin.

Rear of a cartonnage Anubis mask, Ptolemaic era
This mummy of an unknown girl has a cartonnage composed of layers of linen and plaster. [ 1 ] The Walters Art Museum .
Cartonnage of Nespanetjerenpere, ca. 945–718 BCE. Linen or papyrus mixed with plaster, pigment, glass, lapis lazuli, 69 11/16 in. (177 cm). Brooklyn Museum , 35.1265.
Fragment of cartonnage from a New Kingdom coffin ( Rosicrucian Egyptian Museum )