Preceding the current library was a Cathays Branch Reading Room, which opened in May 1890.

[3] The building is in an Arts & Crafts Gothic style, designed by Cardiff architects Speir & Bevan.

The building's central entrance section has a narrow octagonal tower above it, with a leaded spire.

[4][5] Following the library's reopening in 2010, the original reception desk was kept but with new modern furniture including moveable 'designer' shelving.

The west wing of the building was reopened, having previously been closed following an arson attack.