[4] The Plenary Councils of Baltimore declared:[2] Let the exeretions of Catholic temperance societies meet with hearty co-operation of pastor and people, and they will go farr towards strangling the emonstrous evil of intemperance.
To the clergy, to whom God has given the office of breaking unto men the Bread of Life and training them in Christian morality, we chiefly look for helpers in this great work.
"[5] James Joseph McGovern wrote that Leo XIII supported total abstinence during his long Pontificate", giving "unqualified encouragement to Cardinal Manning who labored most zealously for the suppreession of the liquor traffic that was so demoralizing to the working classes in England.
"[5] In 1898, James Cullen founded the Pioneer Total Abstinence Association in response to the fading influence of the original temperance pledge and this organisation remains active to this day.
[4][6] In 1911, The Michigan Catholic implored the faithful: “Vote for the saloon if you want future generations to be shriveled, bloodless, prematurely decayed creatures.