[1][2] Caucenus commanded the Lusitanian tribes from the lands either north[1][3] or south the Tajo river,[4][5] He was apparently unaffiliated to Punicus and Caesarus, though probably inspired to act by their success against the Romans.
[4] Also, his campaign in Africa has suggested a possibly alliance with Carthage, at the time opposed to the Numidians of Masinissa, ally to Rome.
There he divided his forces, the first part overrunning the nearby lands while the second besieged the city of Ocile, possibly current day Asilah, with the intent to capture it as well.
[4] Appian records that around this time, one of Masinissa's sons engaged an Iberian army and was enveloped, forcing the king to come to his rescue.
[2] Either in collusion with Caucenus or out of opportunism, Carthage capitalized on the chance to sack Numidian lands and instigate revolt against Masinissa.