Cawthorne is a village and civil parish in the Metropolitan Borough of Barnsley, South Yorkshire, England.

The village was once a centre of the iron and coal mining industry; today it is part of an affluent commuter belt west of Barnsley.

[1] The village pub, the Spencer Arms, is named after the Spencer-Stanhope family, who once owned large swathes of the local area.

[6] The Victoria Jubilee Museum, built to commemorate Queen Victoria's Golden Jubilee, was opened in 1889 and contains numerous unusual exhibits including a stuffed cheetah and a two-headed lamb.

[10] Kate Rusby, English folk singer-songwriter, lives in the village with her husband and two children.