Cephalocereus euphorbioides grows with rarely branching green shoots 3 to 5 meters tall and 10 to 11 centimeters in diameter.

The single, strong central spine is dark brown and up to 3 centimeters long.

The 7 to 9 straight, light gray marginal spines have a darker tip and are 5 to 12 millimeters long.

[2] Cephalocereus euphorbioides is distributed in the Mexican states of Tamaulipas, San Luis Potosí and Veracruz at elevations between 300 and 600 meters in dry forest.

[4] The specific epithet euphorbioides is derived from the Greek word -oides for 'similar' and the genus 'Euphorbia'.

Nathaniel Lord Britton and Joseph Nelson Rose placed the species in the genus Cephalocereus in 1920.