It was considered a monotypic genus, until in 2015 a second species, Chalarodon steinkampi, was recognised based on morphology and DNA sequence data.

Two species of Chalarodon exist: Members of this genus inhabit semi-arid to arid regions and almost entirely open, or very sparsely vegetated habitats with sandy soil in southern, western, and south eastern Madagascar.

In addition to insects, sometimes plants are ingested, particularly in the form of leaves and roots.

During the mating season, males defend territories with threat displays and combat.

[2] Copulation is very brief, and females lay pairs of eggs between December and March.