Charles Simeon Baker (February 18, 1839 – April 21, 1902) was an American politician and a U.S. Representative from New York.

He was admitted to the bar in December 1860 and commenced practice in Rochester, New York.

During the Civil War, Baker served in the Union Army as first lieutenant, Company E, Twenty-seventh Regiment, New York Volunteer Infantry.

Baker was a member of the New York State Assembly (Monroe County, 2nd District) in 1879, 1880 and 1882.

Baker died from vocal cord paralysis in Washington, D.C., on April 21, 1902 (age 63 years, 62 days).