Charruatoxodon is an extinct monotypic genus of notoungulate belonging to the family Toxodontidae.

The holotype of the genus, FC-DPV-514, was described in 1842 by Alcide d'Orbigny and Charles Léopold Laurillard, who assigned it to the species Dinotoxodon paranensis.

[1] In 2013, a study by Perea, Rinderknecht, Ubilla, Bostelmann and Martinez assigned it as Toxodontidae indet., and estimated its remains to be more recent than initially thought, likely the result of the fall of a overlying block containing the remains inside an earlier deposit, and assigned it to the Montehermosan-Ensenadan Raigón Formation.

[2] In 2022, a revision of the specimen led by Ferrero, Schmidt, Pérez-García, Perea and Ribeiro finally erected the new genus and species Charruatoxodon uruguayensis, using FC-DPV-514 as holotype.

[1] The genus name, Charruatoxodon, is composed from the suffix -toxodon, referring to its relative Toxodon, and the prefix Charrua-, referring to the Charrúa natives, who lived in southern Uruguay before the Spanish colonization and suffered a violent genocide organized by the newly formed Uruguayan government in 1831.