Chaves County comprises the Roswell, New Mexico Micropolitan Statistical Area.

As of the 2000 census,[9] there were 61,382 people, 22,561 households, and 16,085 families living in the county.

24.80% of all households were made up of individuals, and 11.60% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older.

As of the 2010 census, there were 65,645 people, 23,691 households, and 16,646 families living in the county.

[11] The racial makeup of the county was 70.9% white, 2.0% black or African American, 1.2% American Indian, 0.6% Asian, 0.1% Pacific islander, 21.9% from other races, and 3.2% from two or more races.

[10] In terms of ancestry, 10.1% were German, 9.3% were Irish, 8.5% were English, and 4.6% were American.

No Democratic presidential candidate has won Chaves County since Lyndon Johnson's landslide victory of 1964.

[14] School districts include:[16] Media related to Chaves County, New Mexico at Wikimedia Commons