The unincorporated communities of Boltonville, Cheeseville, Fillmore, and Orchard Grove are located in the town.

Farmington is located in the Kettle Moraine region of Wisconsin, home to unique geographical features formed by the Laurentide Ice Sheet, a massive glacier that covered much of Canada and the northern United States during the prehistoric Wisconsin glaciation.

The town contains many kames, eskers, drumlins, kettles, rivers, and streams created by the glacier.

The Menominee surrendered their claims to the land to the United States Federal Government in 1831 through the Treaty of Washington.

[8] The Potawatomi surrendered the land the United States Federal Government in 1833 through the 1833 Treaty of Chicago, which (after being ratified in 1835) required them to leave Wisconsin by 1838.

[9][10] While many Native people moved west of the Mississippi River to Kansas, some chose to remain, and were referred to as "strolling Potawatomi" in contemporary documents because many of them were migrants who subsisted by squatting on their ancestral lands, which were now owned by white settlers.

Eventually the Native Americans who evaded forced removal gathered in northern Wisconsin, where they formed the Forest County Potawatomi Community.

[13] In 1862, some of the Saxon immigrants organized the Farmington Turnverein, a German cultural association, and in 1868, they built the Fillmore Turner Hall, which still stands as of 2020.

[14] In 1854, Harlow Bolton established the Boltonville settlement on Stony Creek in the northeastern part of the town.

[3] Farmington is home to four sites listed on the National Register of Historic Places: As of the census[2] of 2000, there were 3,239 people, 1,116 households, and 945 families residing in the town.