Chelidonium is a genus of long-horned beetles with about twenty known species distributed mainly in Asia.

The larvae of most species in the genus bore into trees in the citrus family.

The genus is differentiated from Aphrodisium and Chloridolum by the rounded (untoothed) apex to the scape or base of antenna.

The body is slender and cylindrical in Chelidonium and the pronotum lacks any median protrusions and has a central shiny longitudinal line.

The shape of the aedeagus is used to differentiate it from the genera Schwarzerium and Anubis.