The dam is located 49 m (160 feet) above sea level, about 40 km (25 miles) from Seoul.

Located on the Bukhan River in the southwest of Gapyeong County, it was built in 1943 as the Cheongpyeong hydroelectric power plant.

The highest point nearby is 418 m (1,371 feet), 1.1 km (0.68 miles) south of Cheongpyeong Dam.

The nearest major community is Hwado, 12.8 km (8 miles) southwest of Cheongpyeong Dam.

The warmest month is August, when the average temperature is 22 °C (72 °F), and the coldest is January, with −6 °C (21 °F).