Chester Township is one of the first districts established after William Penn's first visit in 1682.

A list of the losses sustained was made and is preserved at the Historical Society of Pennsylvania.

[6] It is bordered to the south by the city of Chester, to the east by the borough of Upland, to the northeast by the borough of Brookhaven, to the north by Aston Township, and to the west by Upper Chichester Township.

According to the United States Census Bureau, the township has a total area of 1.4 square miles (3.7 km2), all land.

Chester Creek, a southeast-flowing tributary of the Delaware River, flows through the township.

23.0% of all households were made up of individuals, and 5.8% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older.

Residents in Chester Township are zoned to the Chester-Upland School District.