Lévis led the vanguard of the French expedition to Fort William Henry in 1757, and laid siege to it until Montcalm's arrival.

In the ensuing Battle of Carillon, Abercrombie's troops were defeated, with Lévis leading the defense on the French right flank.

When the forces of James Murray arrived to begin the Siege of Quebec, Lévis participated in the early defenses, including the Battle of Beauport.

Following Montcalm's death in the Battle of the Plains of Abraham, Lévis was appointed commander of French forces in North America.

The lack of artillery and siege equipment precluded any assault on the fortifications of Quebec and Lévis held back, awaiting reinforcements from Europe.

He died in 1787 in Arras, France, and was succeeded as duke of Lévis by his son Pierre-Marc-Gaston, who escaped to England during the French Revolution.