[1][2] The specific name quilombola is derived from quilombo, the name for a Brazilian community founded by escaped slaves.

The body is ovoid with a triangular head and small, protruding eyes; the snout is rounded.

[1] Chiasmocleis quilombola has been collected with pitfall traps after heavy rains near a permanent lagoon and a temporary swamp.

[1] Chiasmocleis quilombola occurs in an area of strong human pressure.

It is known from some protected areas, including its type locality, Rio Preto National Forest.