In British India the gubernatorial style was chief commissioner in various (not all) provinces (often after being an entity under a lower ranking official), the style being applied especially where an elected assembly did not exist, notably: On two occasions in the late 20th century, local elected government in the City of Melbourne was temporarily replaced by panels of commissioners headed by a chief commissioner.
[2] Chief commissioner is also a rank used by Scouts Australia for the Adult Leader with operational control of Scouting in each State and Territory Branch.
There is also a Chief Commissioner of Australia, a position which is more prestigious, although it carries less power.
The reason for this is, during Victoria's pre-federation history, there was more than one commissioner in the colony, one metropolitan and one for the goldfields, hence an additional degree of seniority was introduced.
In India the post of chief commissioner is in Indian Revenue Service (IRS) i.e. Central Excise & Customs Department & Income Tax Department.