The hospital provides comprehensive pediatric specialties and subspecialties to infants, children, teens, and young adults aged 0–21[3] throughout Central Illinois.

[4] Children's Hospital of Illinois features the only pediatric Level 1 Trauma Center in the region, and 1 of 4 in the state.

[8] The Milestone Project was the largest expansion in the hospital's history, which added 440,000 square feet and cost $280 million.

[11] The hospital has an American Academy of Pediatrics verified Level III NICU, the highest in the state.

She received an artificial trachea that incorporated, "nanofiber mesh coated with Hannah's own bone marrow cells".

[13] Although the trachea implant was successful, she was unable to overcome her other health issues, and her lung function continued to deteriorate.