Due to unstable technique in the production of early-built DF4 locomotives, malfunctions of mechanic and electric parts occurred frequently during the operation, especially the diesel engine.

Therefore, Dalian Locomotive Works introduced 16V240ZJA, an improved diesel engine.

Generally speaking, "Watermelons" and "Armed Police" versions are used for freight, while "Oranges" (DF4 2000 Series) are manufactured with alternated gear ratio for the allowance of increased operation speed, intended for passenger services.

The DF4C was supposed to replace the DF4B as the main diesel locomotive in China and comes with several improvements, including a new engine revision (16240ZJC).

The first DF4C was produced in 1985 and batch production started four years later, in 1989, and lasted until roughly the end of the 20th century.

The DF4DJ, originally DF4DAC, of which only 2 were built had AC drive technology supplied by Siemens.

[3][4][5][6] A road switcher version of the DF4 with side walkways and a full-body cab similar to modern American locomotives.

[9] These are powered by the same 16V240ZJD as the Chinese DF4D, producing 2,940 kW (3,940 hp) and have a maximum speed of 100 km/h (62 mph).

[9] These are numbered in the 내연200 series (내연 = Naeyŏn, "internal combustion") and are in service for passenger and freight trains all over North Korea;[11] many are assigned to the Hamhŭng area.

The derailment occurred in Padalarang District, West Bandung Regency.

For maintenance and backup purpose, the Kereta Cepat Indonesia China (KCIC) operated a single DF4D, numbered CC207 23 01.