The FD class locomotives were imported from the Soviet Union to China from 1958 to provide main line freight motive power for the Chinese railways.

[1] When imported the class were designated YH (YouHao meaning 'friendship'), but after the breakdown of Sino-Soviet relations during the Cultural Revolution (see Sino–Soviet split) the class were renamed FX (FanXiu meaning 'anti-revisionist').

In 1971 the class were returned to the original Soviet designation of 'FD' (after Felix Dzerzhinsky).

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