The Shaoshan 1 (Chinese: 韶山1; pinyin: Sháoshān Yī Nickname: Chinese: 芍药; pinyin: Sháoyào) is a type of AC-powered electric locomotive used by China Railway.

The power supply was industrial-frequency single-phase AC, and the axle arrangement Co-Co.

The first prototype locomotive, 6Y1-001, which used an ignitron-controlled rectifier, was produced in 1958.

In response to technology of the French-made 6Y2 locomotive, Zhuzhou Plant made major modification in the design of the 6Y1 locomotive, improving the reliability of the rectifier, traction motors and rheostatic braking system.

The series was also renamed from 6Y1 to SS1 (SS stands for Shaoshan, birthplace of Chinese leader Mao Zedong).