In 1910, the left-wing Tongmenghui nationalist (and later anti-communist pro-Japanese collaborator and President of the Reorganized National Government of China during the Second Sino-Japanese War) Wang Jingwei, who had been influenced by Russian anarchism while studying in Japan,[1] planned to assassinate Prince-Regent Chun (father of the young Xuantong Emperor).
Founded in Hong Kong, it had about ten active members in the beginning, most of which were Tongmenghui activists disillusioned with the tactic of revolutionary mass action.
Having been radicalized while studying in Japan (much as did Wang Jingwei), Liu, a Tongmenghui member, was involved in several assassinations before a 1907 attempt on the life of a Guangdong military commander, Li Chun, cost him one of his hands and two years in prison after his explosive device detonated by accident.
One of the commanders central to putting down this revolt was the aforementioned Li Chun, who had previously been involved in combating many revolutionary uprisings since 1907.
Considered by some historians to have been triggered at least partially by the Second Guangzhou Uprising, the revolt would itself go on to serve as the catalyst to the Xinhai Revolution.