The Chinese Medical Journal is an official publication of the Chinese Medical Association, co-published by Chinese Medical Association Publishing House and Wolters Kluwer Medknow.

The journal publishes peer-reviewed English-language articles, covering technical and clinical studies related to health, as well as ethical and social issues in medical research.

The China Medical Missionary Association was established in Shanghai in 1887.

It started publishing The China Medical Missionary Journal the following year.

The China Medical Missionary Journal then merged into the English part of the National Medical Journal of China to become the Chinese Medical Journal.