The main body of the church was constructed between 1727 and 1744, and the steeple was added in 1754, making it the tallest building in the future United States, at 196 feet (60 m).

[5] Christ Church is considered one of the nation's most beautiful surviving 18th-century structures, a monument to colonial craftsmanship and a handsome example of Georgian architecture.

Modeled on the work in London of Christopher Wren,[2] it features a symmetrical, classical façade with arched windows and a simple yet elegant interior with fluted columns and wooden pews.

During the war, the Reverend William White (1748–1836), rector of Christ Church, served as Chaplain to both the Continental Congress and the United States Senate.

In September 1785, clerical and lay deputies from several states met in Christ Church and organized as a general convention, of which White was chosen president.

White was also largely responsible for the liturgy and offices of the first American Book of Common Prayer, published in 1789, which were to be submitted to Church of England authorities.