Christian Wilhelm Niedner (9 August 1797 – 13 August 1865) was a German church historian and theologian born in Oberwinkel, which today is part of the town of Waldenburg, Saxony.
From 1845 onward, he was head of the Leipzig Historical and Theological Society.
In 1850 he resigned his professorship and moved to Wittenberg, where he focused on private studies.
In 1859 Niedner was appointed professor of historical theology at Berlin, and was also Consistorialrath to the Province of Brandenburg.
His best written effort was the highly regarded Geschichte der christlichen Kirche ("History of the Christian Church"); (1846, second edition 1866).