After a basic education he studied theology and mathematics in Wittenberg with support of the prince, Joachim Ernst von Anhalt.
Christoph Rothmann was appointed in 1577 as court mathematician in Kassel by Prince Wilhelm IV of Hessen.
After the trip to Uranienburg he lived until his death in Bernberg and wrote additional (unknown) theological writings.
Christoph Rothmann computed and implemented the Kassel star catalog between 1585 and 1587 almost exclusively under the technical sponsorship of Prince Wilhelm IV.
On side the well-known Dane Tycho Brahe, who had established the famous observatory Uraniborg on the island Ven, and a group of astronomers in Kassel at the court of the prince.