Chthonerpeton viviparum is a species of caecilian in the family Typhlonectidae.

It is endemic to southern Brazil and only known from the vicinity of Joinville, in the eastern Santa Catarina State.

[1][2] The common name Santa Catarina caecilian has been coined for it.

[2] Chthonerpeton viviparum is an aquatic species living in standing bodies of water.

It might be threatened by water pollution from agricultural and industrial sources.