Clemence Sophia Lozier (née Harned; December 11, 1813 — April 26, 1888) was an American physician who founded the New York Medical College and Hospital for Women.

[4] Both her father and husband were dedicated members of the Methodist Church, and she herself felt Methodism built women up and allowed for differences in opinion.

[9] She was one of the first teachers in the city to introduce the study of Psychology, Hygiene and Anatomy as branches of the female education.

Among other topics, she educated women on the physiological consequences of fashion, like the deformities and breathing problems caused by corsets.

She wished to attend medical school, but women were not accepted at the time, so her brother continued to tutor her.

[10] Ten years after graduation, Lozier founded the homeopathic New York Medical College and Hospital for Women.

There was an issue when Issac M. Ward in 1866 refused to leave his position when Lozier wanted to replace him with Ann Innman.

This continued for three years during which a “Medical Library Association” was formed, for the purpose of promoting reading upon such subjects on the anatomy of women.

[citation needed] Before her acceptance to medical school, Lozier had extensive experience with observing disease in its worst forms among women and children.

[4] Due to increasing enrollment, she collaborated with her friend Elizabeth Cady Stanton to petition for a charter for a women's medical college.

After practicing at thirty-sixth street for 11 years, shareholders and investors encouraged her to expand the Women's Medical College.

[7] Lozier lost everything, but the college survived and she threw herself back into practicing medicine on Thirty-fourth Street for the next eleven years.

She hosted Anti-Slavery Society meetings monthly at her own home, and she provided refuge for African Americans during the July Riots of 1862.

[7] For 7 years Lozier and Pryor would visit the poor and abandoned in connection with the Moral Reform Society, and often prescribed for them in sickness.

[7] She further fought for women's rights in the courtroom and successfully advocated for the release of Hester Vaughan, who had been wrongfully convicted and sentenced to death for infanticide.

Nevertheless, by the time of her death, she had already inspired nine of her direct relatives to become physicians, including her daughter-in-law, Charlotte Denman Lozier, who graduated from the medical college she founded.

Elizabeth Cady Stanton claimed "Physicians would not recognize her as a member of the profession... they tampered with her patients to see if they could find aught against her.

[16] As the first woman to read a scientific paper before the New York State Medical Society, Lozier also blazed a trail for female scientists.