Climacoceras (from Greek for "ladder horns") is a genus of extinct artiodactyl ungulates that lived in Africa and Europe during the Miocene.

The members of Climacoceras were related to giraffes, and the genus was formerly placed within the Giraffidae, but is now placed in the Climacoceratidae, a sister group within the superfamily Giraffoidea.

Fossils of the two best known species of Climacoceras, C. africanus and C. gentryi, have both been found in Kenya.

The animals measured about 1.5 m (4.9 ft) tall and had large ossicones resembling antlers.

Other Climacoceratidae genera include Prolibytherium from Egypt and Libya and Orangemeryx from Namibia and South Africa.