Prolibytherium is an extinct genus of prolibytheriid artiodactyl ungulate native to Middle Miocene North Africa and Pakistan, from around 16.9 to 15.97 million years ago.

[1] The 1.80 metres (5 ft 11 in) long creature would have superficially resembled an okapi or a deer.

Unlike these, however, Prolibytherium displayed dramatic sexual dimorphism, in that the male had a set of large, leaf-shaped ossicones with a width of 35 centimetres (14 in), while the female had a set of slender, horn-like ossicones.

With the discovery and study of a female skull in 2010, Prolibytherium is tentatively confirmed as a climacoceratid.

[2] A recent study published in 2022 found it to be part of a separate family, Prolibytheriidae.