Close collar minting

Close collar minting is a method of coin manufacture that is used almost exclusively today.

[1] This restraining collar prevented the expansion of the planchet sideways and outwards and thus made it possible to mint completely round coins for the first time.

A pearl circle often adjoins the edge bar on the inside.

Close collar minting is an invention of French medalist and engraver Jean-Pierre Droz (1746–1823).

In Germany, Prussia systematically promoted such coinage via the German Customs Union from the middle of the 19th century.

Cu - Pattern Halfpenny George III by Jean-Pierre Droz , struck in 1790 at Soho Mint , with raised edge inscription: RENDER TO CESAR THE THINGS WHICH ARE CESARS