[4] However, there have been renewed interests to apply this method to recover energy when there is a need to reduce pressure in the water supply system that is normally done through pressure reducing valves.
[5] Since 2008, there has been considerable technological development in off-the-shelf "“water-to-wire” turbine technologies including reaction, impulse, and hydrokinetic turbines that target the sub 1-MW in-conduit hydroelectric market.
"[6][7] Portland, Oregon uses conduit generation in its water pipes.
[8] The Imperial Irrigation District had plans for 14 new conduit hydropower projects in 2016.
[9] In 2013, the US had "a total of 236 FERC authorized conduit exemption projects.