[6] The pathologic hallmarks of multiple sclerosis are central inflammation, blood–brain barrier permeability, demyelination, progressive axonal transection, and a reactive astrogliosis.

Research in the CGD Center's laboratory (led by Dr. Gareth John) focuses on the mechanisms that control lesion formation and repair in MS.

In a recent study, team members identified the soluble mediator interleukin-11 (IL-11) as a factor that potentiates the survival and maturation of oligodendrocytes, the cells in the brain that produce myelin and are the target of immune attack in MS. IL-11 expression is upregulated at the border of remyelinating lesions in MS, and it may represent a potential target for the design of new therapies to promote lesion repair.

Using a related approach, members of the laboratory recently found that signaling through Notch1 receptors is activated in oligodendrocyte progenitor cells (OPC) in MS lesions.

They share a common molecular/cellular approach, beginning with target identification using functional genomics, and progressing through experiments in tissue culture models and into genetically modified animals.

The Center utilizes a team of doctors, nurse practitioners, fellows, social workers, consultants and a psychiatrist in its integrated approach to enhancing the treatment of MS, attracting visiting neurologists and patients worldwide.