[4] Symptoms are similar to those in multiple sclerosis and may include dementia, aphasia, seizures, personality changes, poor attention, tremors, balance instability, incontinence, muscle weakness, headache, vomiting, and vision and speech impairment.

[5] Other symptoms include weakness on one side of the body, muscle stiffness, hearing problems, and loss of bowel control.

[6] The Poser criteria for diagnosis are:[7] The typical demyelinating plaques in Schilder's sclerosis are usually found bilaterally in the centrum semiovale.

Although plaques of this kind are largely prevalent in Schilder's sclerosis, smaller lesions can also be observed.

[citation needed] It has been reported that DMS cases show no oligoclonal bands, being therefore distinct from standard MS.[8] Management: Corticosteroids may be effective in some patients.