[1] The CVA is an anatomic concept of the relationship of the 12th rib to the transverse processes of the lumbar vertebrae.

[5][4][6][7] CVA tenderness may be present in patients who have a kidney stone,[8][7] a stone in the ureter,[8] a ureteropelvic junction obstruction,[8] a kidney abscess,[8] a urinary tract infection,[9] and vesicoureteral reflux.

[10] CVA tenderness is also present in patients who have retrocecal appendicitis and retroperitoneal abscesses.

[4] In patients with sickle cell disease, blockage of blood flow to the kidney may cause CVA tenderness.

[4] A lack of CVA tenderness in patients with low back pain supports a diagnosis other than kidney pathology.