The clinician should also look for physical findings of fever, rash, direct tenderness over the bladder area, and joint pain.
Urological obstruction due to stone or tumor can result in findings of hematuria, decreased urination, and bladder spasms.
Also, urine dipstick showing leukocytes as equal predictive value as the presence of nitrites.
Urinary tract infections are more common in females than in males due to anatomical differences between them.
In females, bacteria can reach the bladder more easily, as they have less distance to travel.