The Courthouse Hill Historic District is a 30-block area on the east side of Janesville, Wisconsin, containing many historic structures built from the mid-1800s to the early 1900s in various styles, including homes of many of Janesville's influential leaders from that period.

[1] The first European-American settlers arrived in what would become Janesville in 1835, two years after the end of the Black Hawk War.

The following year Janesville was designated the seat of Rock County.

In 1851 the first Wisconsin State Fair was held in the Courthouse Hill area.

[1] People initially built smaller frame houses in what would become the district, but these were eventually replaced by larger, more substantial structures.