[4] While continuing his military career Hammond lived in Eugene, and worked as a deputy sheriff, real estate broker, and officer of the Bank of Commerce.

[9] In 1920 he returned to active duty as a member of the General Staff, where he played a key role in the creation of the National Defense Act of 1920.

Initial reports indicated that he was likely to be appointed to another term, which was favored by 46 of 48 state governors, who were empowered to make a recommendation to the President under the 1920 National Defense Act.

[14][15][16] However, Secretary of War James W. Good announced the adoption of a "rotation policy" for high level assignments, and Hammond left the post when his term expired.

[17] After retiring from the military, Hammond accepted appointment as Auditor General of the territorial government in the Philippines, where he served until 1933.