A large community of people of Croatian descent live in Peru, mostly in Lima, Callao and Cerro de Pasco.

A larger number of Croats arrived in Peru in the second half of the 19th and the beginning of the 20th century, when the business of exporting natural guano fertilizer flourished.

[9] The Croat minority in Peru present in the city's capital, Callao and Cerro de Pasco,[10] was represented by the Yugoslav Society in central Lima.

[11] During World War II in Yugoslavia, Peru established economic and consular relations with the Yugoslav government-in-exile in October 1942.

[13] After World War II, a new wave of Croats arrived to Peru, with most of them being combatants who fought against the partisan forces of Josep Broz Tito.

[14] The earliest arrivals happened in 1948 and 1949 due to the efforts of the International Refugee Organization (IRO) and the cooperation of the government of José Luis Bustamante y Rivero.