Marii Skłodowskiej-Curie – Państwowy Instytut Badawczy,[1] until 2020 Maria Skłodowska-Curie Institute of Oncology, Polish: Centrum Onkologii–Instytut im.

It was founded in 1932 as the Radium Institute by double-Nobel laureate Maria Skłodowska-Curie in collaboration with the Polish Government, especially President Ignacy Mościcki.

While Maria toured the United States to raise funds, receiving the gift of a gram of radium from US President Herbert Hoover that had been bought with funds raised by American women, her sister Bronisława Dłuska supervised fundraising in Poland and oversaw the construction and recruitment, organising a campaign that sold symbolic bricks featuring Maria's image.

[citation needed] In May 2013, the institute was brought to international attention when it performed a full face transplant on a man who had been in an industrial accident just a few weeks prior.

Just a few months later, they completed a face transplant on a woman who had been disfigured by tumor to the point the she could not eat or talk without great difficulty.