Before stone castle was built, a complex made of wood and earth had existed on the location.

Some time in the mid-14th century, Dębno passed into the hands of the influential Odrowąż family, to which Jakub z Dębna, founder of the castle, belonged.

In 1586 the castle was rebuilt in Renaissance style, and at that time it belonged to a Hungarian nobleman Ferenc Wesselini, secretary of King Stephen Báthory.

In the late 18th century, another remodeling took place, ordered by the Tarło family, who were then-owners of the castle.

It belonged to a number of noble Polish families - Lanckoroński, Rogowski, Rudnicki, Spławski (who in 1831 hosted there refugees of the November Uprising), Jastrzębski.