Spiridonova made her international debut at the 2012 Pre-Olympic Youth Cup in Bergisch-Gladbach, Germany, where she won the all-around gold medal.

She competed at the Olympic Hopes, winning gold with her team and on uneven bars, bronze in the all-around, and placing fifth on vault.

She then competed at the Russian Championships in April, winning gold on bars, silver with her team and on balance beam, and placing fifth in the all-around, and seventh on floor.

On 29 October she placed first ahead of Larisa Iordache at the Arthur Gander Memorial, her first international win at the senior level.

Days later, she partnered up with male Russian gymnast Nikita Ignatyev to win her second international title at the Swiss cup.

She placed 13th in the all around final after complications on beam and floor, and she won the gold medal on the uneven bars, beating out the reigning European UB champion, Becky Downie, by 0.2.

She won the silver medal on the uneven bars, losing to the 2014 UB Champion, Great Britain's Becky Downie by 0.034.

At the conclusion of the Russian Cup, Spiridonova, along with Mustafina, Tutkhalyan, Melnikova, and Maria Paseka, was selected to represent Russia at the 2016 Summer Olympics in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.

[9] Shortly after the conclusion of the Russian Cup Spiridonova was named to the nominative team for the 2019 World Championships alongside Melnikova, Lilia Akhaimova, Angelina Simakova (later replaced by Maria Paseka),[10] Anastasia Agafonova, and Aleksandra Shchekoldina.

[11] During qualifications at the World Championships she competed on the uneven bars and helped Russia qualify to the team final in third place behind the United States and China.

In late January Spiridonova was listed on a nominative roster that was released for the Melbourne World Cup, scheduled to take place on 20 February.