The Davidov Stradivarius (also: Davidoff or Davydov; Russian: Давыдов) is an antique cello made in 1712 by luthier Antonio Stradivari of Cremona, Italy.
It is very similar in construction and form to the equally famed Duport Stradivarius, built a year earlier and played by Mstislav Rostropovich until his death in 2007.
In 1870, the Davidov Stradivarius was given to the eponymous Karl Davydov (1838–1889) by patron Count Matvei Wielhorski (1794–1866) at the court of Tsar Alexander II.
In 1964, the Davydov cello was purchased for US$90,000 by Ismena Holland who in turn presented the instrument to her goddaughter, the English cellist Jacqueline du Pré.
By 1970, du Pré began using a different cello (made for her by Sergio Peresson and purchased by her husband Daniel Barenboim), as she was bothered by the Davidov's "unpredictability."