Dead Vlei has been claimed to be surrounded by the highest sand dunes in the world, the highest reaching 300–400 meters (350m on average), named "Big Daddy" or "Crazy Dune", resting on a sandstone terrace.
The clay pan was formed after rainfall, when the Tsauchab river flooded, creating temporary shallow pools where the abundance of water allowed camel thorn trees to grow.
However, some species of plants remain, such as salsola and clumps of nara, adapted to surviving off the morning mist and very rare rainfall.
The remaining skeletons of the trees, which are believed to have died 600–700 years ago (ca.
[4] Films partly shot there include The Cell, The Fall, Ghajini and Ayan.